ࡱ> Root Entry Fƶ(Data V1TableWordDocument| P !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOQRSTUWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~SummaryInformation( DocumentSummaryInformation8CompObjX0Table [4@4NormalCJOJPJQJmH <A@<Default Paragraph Font<@<Header  !CJOJPJQJ, @,Footer  !&)@& Page Number*!!!! dE/ABDSBCotuvwxyz{|_jz()[&()*+,-./0a b ( 8 H I I J K L M N O P Q 8^m!0!0! "! "! "!u!u!u!u!ug cm-3 h=height in cm g=980.7 cm s-2 Estimate the concentration of the tree cellular fluid being driven to the tips of these tall trees presumably by osmotic pressure. Be sure to show calculations on which your estimate is based. What is the most likely source of this osmotic pressure? 10. (12 points) For each of the following lecture demonstrations, explain the observed effect in ten words or less: Drinking/dunking duck Disposable diapers Steel razor blade floating on water Yellow propane-fueled bunsen flame Olympic Games Viscosity Race Results: GOLD ethanol SILVER ethylene glycol BRONZE - glycerol RESERVE FOR FINAL. CUT FROM EXAM #! 4. (12 points) Consider the symmetric stretching modes of the following molecules: carbon dioxide CO2 (OCO) sulfur dioxide SO2 (OSO) ozone O3 (OOO) cyanogen C2N2 (NCCN) Identify which are infrared active and explain why the others are not. 10. (12 points) Houses without cellars or basements often have a crawl space separating the first floor from the ground. In such houses, exposed water pipes can freeze on cold nights. Explain why it is that the hot water pipes and not the cold water pipes that freeze first if the temperature is not too much below freezing. 3. (6 points) Identify each of the following as indicated: The environmental disaster that lead to the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency? A source of (i) organochlorine compounds. (ii) lead in drinking water.  PAGE 4 BSZCQRkmnxyz|,FGqt()FGp O P V W Z [ c d f g j k v w    ' ] ^ } ~  jUH* jUmHH*5H*5655CJ5CJ$W/ABDSBCon !$/ABDSBConop M X h {   H v     H I u ())*+ſ                             Jnop M X h {   H v     H I u  & F  ! & F  & F !u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!?(!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!u!0!cStuvwxyz{()*+,-./0 I J K L M N O P  n  VW7Unknown Leonard FineStudent Luis AvilaAlexa Avila BrontDaisy MelendezChemistry Dept.SC NUKEChemistry DeptLynna G Avila BrontDr. Elena Bront de AvilaSheppard Computer Labs Joan RaitanoB. VenkataramanChemistry Department Jeff KinderKaren RawlingsL. 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Leonard Fine/Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 1 Leonard Fine4Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.KEY          e'>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>==================================>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>=======<<<<<<<<<<<<<;;;;;;;::::::98877655432110/.-,,+*))(''&%%$$$$###############"""""""""""""""""""""####$$$%%%&&&&'''(((())))))*********))))((('''&&&&%%%%%%$$$%%%%%%%&&&&''''((()))****++++++++,,,,,,,++++++*****)))))((((((((((((((((((()))****+++,,,---...///0000000000000000///////////////////....................--------------------------------..---------,,,,,,,,,+++++++++++++,,,,---...///0001122233444556677888888888888888888888888888888889999999999999999999999999999999999988888888888888887777OGPRAcademic assistant-BBBBBBBBBBBBBBCCBA@?>=<:97642 1 / - + ) ' % # !  VwJulie FriesneruserH. BeallKent Porter HamannVicki L. De Hullu Joan HorganRice University Betty CusackAnna Marie Pyle Gerard ParkinTurro Robert Braham George FlynnShalomKoji Nakanishi Koji NakanishiSamVirginia Cornish Petra Levin Alan Grossman Sauer LabMolecular Oncology Liz Rivera Phil Pechukas Wally Roberts jacqui bishopfoobar J. BishopStephen BellerNSStephen E. Beller, Ph.D.sebBINNEY & COMPANYIBM Consulting Group KEN BINNEY Office User Martin MatskoMartin J MatskoNCQA Gary StraussKenneth W. BinneyValued Gateway 2000 CustomerPreferred CustomerS"S 5bS UtS& ]IBM ConSFESFEKaren KawaguchiVince"National Health Data Systems, Inc.Norman D. Stein, Ph.D.Stephen E. BellerAST Preferred CustomerAlistair Young Wally Hauck . Wally HauckS b5S tUS &]ROSANNE D'AUSILIOKathryn H. ClarkeDavid FriedmanfcMerrill Corporationjour Barry Honig John KupiecjfeldmanLABO CHIMIE BIOMOLECULAIREDENERDr. Karen du PlooyProf. Dr. H.-D. ScharfAK Prof. Dr. C. BolmUniversit degli StudiInstitut fr Organische ChemieAK Hey-HawkinskurzWaro NAKANISHI Gellman GroupAndrew J. GellmanJulie L. d'ItriALDO VECCHIETTI Mark Buelowvirginia cornish Jenny CosshamJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd Ron SiclariPlowmanaltoftJOhn Wiley & Sons Ltd. Janie Curtis PRENTICE HALLWord DevelopmentRichard BaggaleyJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd. John Wiley Martin SharpbottomleFrances M Seeney Toni ChowLynne CialdellaSydney StewartDanielle Jones Terry ColeJohn Wiley & Sons GRIFFINLESLEYANGELA POULTERAngela Poulter Phil Bishopsampford Joel Kalish David SidmanGregory St John Verity WaiteWiley Jennifer WoodeamesDirect phone number: (01243) 770209Direct fax number: (01243) 77042Fax Cov Sheet To:Peter HeilbrunnFax5144From:Jim DicksDate:6th March 1997bject:CARPages:1Please contact Sarah Kiely on (01243) 770402 if you have any difficulties reiving this fax As promised, here's a list of cars rolling over in the next three or four months. et me know if any are of interest or if you need more details. An early response would be helpful as ere are others we may offer these cars to after you. 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VwJulie FriesneruserH. BeallKent Porter HamannVicki L. De Hullu Joan HorganRice University Betty CusackAnna Marie Pyle Gerard ParkinTurro Robert Braham George FlynnShalomKoji Nakanishi Koji NakanishiSamVirginia Cornish Petra Levin Alan Grossman Sauer LabMolecular Oncology Liz Rivera Phil Pechukas Wally Roberts jacqui bishopfoobar J. BishopStephen BellerNSStephen E. Beller, Ph.D.sebBINNEY & COMPANYIBM Consulting Group KEN BINNEY Office User Martin MatskoMartin J MatskoNCQA Gary StraussKenneth W. BinneyValued Gateway 2000 CustomerPreferred CustomerS"S 5bS UtS& ]IBM ConSFESFEKaren KawaguchiVince"National Health Data Systems, Inc.Norman D. Stein, Ph.D.Stephen E. BellerAST Preferred CustomerAlistair Young Wally Hauck . Wally HauckS b5S tUS &]ROSANNE D'AUSILIOKathryn H. ClarkeDavid FriedmanfcMerrill Corporationjour Barry Honig John KupiecjfeldmanLABO CHIMIE BIOMOLECULAIREDENERDr. Karen du PlooyProf. Dr. H.-D. ScharfAK Prof. Dr. C. BolmUniversit degli StudiInstitut fr Organische ChemieAK Hey-HawkinskurzWaro NAKANISHI Gellman GroupAndrew J. GellmanJulie L. d'ItriALDO VECCHIETTI Mark Buelowvirginia cornish Jenny CosshamJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd Ron SiclariPlowmanaltoftJOhn Wiley & Sons Ltd. Janie Curtis PRENTICE HALLWord DevelopmentRichard BaggaleyJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd. John Wiley Martin SharpbottomleFrances M Seeney Toni ChowLynne CialdellaSydney StewartDanielle Jones Terry ColeJohn Wiley & Sons GRIFFINLESLEYANGELA POULTERAngela Poulter Phil Bishopsampford Joel Kalish David SidmanGregory St John Verity WaiteWiley Jennifer WoodeamesDirect phone number: (01243) 770209Direct fax number: (01243) 77042Fax Cov Sheet To:Peter HeilbrunnFax5144From:Jim DicksDate:6th March 1997bject:CARPages:1Please contact Sarah Kiely on (01243) 770402 if you have any difficulties reiving this fax As promised, here's a list of cars rolling over in the next three or four months. et me know if any are of interest or if you need more details. An early response would be helpful as ere are others we may offer these cars to after you. CarAge in FY98 MileageCitroen ZX4 yrs +7000 +Audi 804 yrs +75,000 +Mazda 3234 yrs 100,000 +Golf GTi4 yrs +63,000 +BMW 520 i6 Gregory St. Johns 24 Priory Crescent Southsea Hants PO4 8RL Dear Caryn John Wiley & Sons Ltd Retirement Benefits Scheme I enclo your Statement of Benefits on Leing Service for your information. This shows the pension benefits payable to you on retirement and to youspouse on your death. The Guaranteed Minimum Pension ("GMP") referred to is roughly equivalent to the State Additiol Pension you would have earned had you not been contracted-out of the State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme Joseph van VlijmenMeAuthorized CustomerAnn-Marie HalliganDERADRAGreg Mark RoseIan JackMaureen Murphy Sarah Kiely Adrian WestonwilliamssilkAVSWalter Sneader Marie Cribbinholloway Gwenda Keates Laura ConleySamantha SpeightsgriffinGRIFFINAcademic Computing ServicePlanet InternetOnbekend minie msa MicrosoftSYSTEM ID3 6565 Edward Barrow John HealyGateway 2000 Licensed UserAnna Chisholm McIntosh Anna Jellinek ANNA JELLINEK Andrew Braidcrosse PATRICK KELLYticknerMichael R. OsuchpagetEE deptEE dept. Tim Sullivan Steve Lenz Robert MeyersJohn Wiley & So9 " e b j;' Doris Chen Doris W Chen S.T. CeyerOITJennifer & Michael Thomas Office of Information Technology Jacob SydneyLesley College David J. SaabplatinumUser Support x8770 Laury & Wayne Joe Johnson Kathy HolmesJillian MillerElijahKaejae & Jurawalesley college Karol LynchMicrosoft Office UserWaldreidHC Karen TraveloMike RobertsonGay Su Pinnell Polly TrueCaitlin Florschutz Jan RossiComputer ServicesComputer Services.BellcoreEd Longo Bob CondursoTera Lungstrom Bill CalhounRonald B. SobelAlexis DobbinsInformation Technology Cary Toor Ramez GhattasCharles P. Kapp Thang Nguyen Alan Kramer Diane JonesRonnie RasslerMarcia F. Kessler ReferenceStever Robbins Ellen HermanHarvard Business School Jan MartinezIPS Associates, Inc. Stuart SpiresAuthorized Gateway Customer IT Specialist Mark PelofskyJonathan D. Callaghan Kirsten BeitzElaine Backman'The Wellness Community - Greater BostonJeanette LurieNancy Peck-GreyEXEDIT Operations Group Judy StahlTeresa M. AmabileHoward Stevenson Roberta BrownHarvard Tim BernsteinSonja Broomfield-SmithLeslie A. Jeng P.J. Boxer SEI Corp.David E. Carney T HarrisonAndrea CroteauCameron PoetzscherAmanda Johnson Peg Blout Amir SheibanyP.H.OstergaardCharlotte SmithBarbara SiegfriedtELLEN D. HERMANIPSDavid M. UptonArthur SchleiferAndreas Sohmen-PaoDwayne L. RomeroHBSDean Kim ClarkChrister SjholmBertil Thunbergibl Michael RussSteberSMEDB Lee Ching Koh Kok Sinedb Aylwin Tan Patrick Sileo Dick Nolan Lola JacobsenLinda Lee Johnson Saket SardaSCFaculty Assistant Brian KahinMarguerite Dole Davis Dyersusan doctoroffKatherine CodegaJeffrey RayportJamie O'ConnellGeorge David Smith Bill LockhartDonald and Judith BockErica R. Deighton KnowledgeNet John Deighton Toni CarboneAMEX Employee ofWALID G. CHAMOUNAndrew Janower Aimee HamelThomas August Gerace samuel gerace Tom GeraceRose I. CarberryMac IIxPCXIS Harry GiglioKristin Lynn GeraceGonzalo J. BasadreSherry Pelkey RoperDORMonique Ade-Semi Maddy Ananth RamanAny Authorised User Matt WehrMikolaj Jan Piskorski Janice BlakeElizabeth Eisold BlaylockUserHeather L. 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Sebenius Women IncCarliss BaldwinDanny Struebing Adam Tratt Manish Vij Sam HobsonMichael Milkowits Andy PeastonRamsauer ChristianMaureen Walkerrip Report  TIME \@ "MMMM d, yyyy" September 29, 1997 Company: Swiss Life (Rentenanstalt) Postfach, CH-802Zurich, Switzerland Soodmattenstrasse 4; CH-8134 Adiswil, Switzerland By: William D. ea, Director of Corporate Relations, Executive Education Date of Visit: September 17, 1997 Contac Dr. Edoud Marmier, Director IS tel: 41-1-711-3773 fax: 41-1-711-5007 e-mail: edouard.marmier@swissli.ch Dr. Roland Engel, Manager IS tel: 41-711-4171 fax: 41-1-711-5183 e-mail: rold.engel@swisslife.ch Dr. Jean Weydert, Vice Director, IS tel: 41-1-711-5084 fax: 41-1-711-4nitedDominion97HarvardLMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:UnitedDominion97HarvardLMantosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:UnitedDominion97HarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Wo 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applicaons:Microsoft Office:Microsoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvardPMacintosh HD:Applications:Microsoft Office:Miosoft Word 6:Templates:TripReportHarvard1Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:Trips 9/97:TripReportHarvardUntitled:Swi Trip ReportDonald and Judith BockErica R. Deighton KnowledgeNet$Knowledge Gosia Wozny Martine Haas P Bennett Laurie Gamble Ann MarguliesUIS David Flash Anne KleinHarvard UniversityPatrick Sileo Sarah PanettaRobert E. GuntherSTEELE Tom EisenmannILC Jane GillMGH-USER Paul Kennedy IT Manager Scott Andrews Eric Mankin Carl Bruke Ed TuttleJohn Dan FosterRichard StarfieldEmployee Nancy Confrey Kevin Huh Jonathan KatzDennis A. Williams Devang Patel Russell ChangCynthia Houston Saul AltabetAnalysis Group, Inc. Bruce StangleSSOA John S. ZukHinzBarbara FeinbergMAD Lisa SchorrEmily Kistler LawsonRobert LillenessJohn E. ZdanowskiSean M. and Julie C. Daltonmichael beckwithEDWARD U. MILLER Jeffrey Flaum Igal Litovsky Derek Brown David Teten Peter Munson Unknown Warren Blanchard ROBERT BLACKDan BellRuss Vanderpool CONOR RYANKaren Hopper WruckMark J Cotteleer Hau L. LeeKimberly Phillips Lauren OkumDouglas R. RogersTodd E. Graves Cindy OlnickChrister SjholmMaryfrances Fabbril&R atrick SileoSteeleAnne Prfontaine haron Deckerr"!"!"! "! "!"!"!"!"!"!"! Christer Sjholmb 2bɺb 3l = SwissLife97 (in prog.)N6BNMSWD"SSSSS,SSMMMMMS  S!    ! wuD $L!ife97 (in prog.)@ rvardHarvard+ :d doctoroff George David Smith  Toni Carbone Jeffrey Rayport Jamie O'Connell %Jeffrey RayportJamie O'nell;*Sonja Broomfield-Smith im Bernstein Helena Dias Steven Wheelwright Paul N. Hayre Elise MartinSummer at the MainspringJonathan L. YarmisMichael Harper Steve BayleSteve Bullinger Mark Verdi John ConnollyStephen M. Bayle Helen Beattieemartin MainspringNeal M. Goldsmith, Ph.D. Robin Miller Heather DarcyPatrice Lagrangel&R Barbara RobeyKalle LyytinenGSU Greg Rose Detmar Straub Steven KellyLars Mathiassen!Tietojenksittelytieteiden laitosCISTeleTKTL Tuomo PeltolaprojektiStina Wikstrm-Karvinenb 2bb 3CEF R&T Center Daniel Miller Vinay Bhagat Yolande ChanChad Mitchell RaubeRandy Forgaard Nanda FamilyChrister Sj_holm chrisOrmsbyMichael Y. 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Vanden Plas CPU # 08073 Jon North Dan MichaelVincent Trujillo Susan Kleinlen fine!l,R$ ʐ,7V`c*<@( -x 9o {'  d  C 4Aspectrum2.jpgB S  ?t%4R]5Ffi    ) 1 +1 nsR],/   ) * 9 : _ e  Leonard Fine9Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.BlueBook Leonard Fine<Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of C1404.003. Leonard Fine[Zip 100.C1404.2002 Stuff:C1404.2002.Exam 1:C1404.2002.Exam.BV:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.BlueBook Leonard Fine2Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 2694 Leonard Fine[Zip 100.C1404.2002 Stuff:C1404.2002.Exam 1:C1404.2002.Exam.BV:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.BlueBook Leonard Fine9Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.BlueBook Leonard Fine<Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of C1404.003. Leonard Fine/Macintosh HD:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 1 Leonard Fine4Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.KEY Leonard Fine4Macintosh HD:Desktop Folder:C1404.003.Exam1.2002.KEY          e'0d=1chem Leonard FineªĪƪȪʪ̪ΪЪԪ֪تڪܪުh !  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~dhs jbjb kk]666666 8,@<6 zz---,L1}6- "---166{-66J,v,6666-i\66|H6  > Chemistry C1404 EXAM 1 Environmental Section February 26, 2002 INSTRUCTIONS: Clearly write your name/SS# on the front cover of your bluebook. Start each problem on a new page and do not skip pages. Apportion your time carefully. You have 75 minutes. 1. (12 points) Using the accompanying plots of the solar and terrestrial spectra, determine whether each of the indicated molecules contribute to the greenhouse effect. If any molecule has more than one vibration, identify which contribute(s) to the greenhouse effect. In every case, briefly explain your answer. Name (formula) Vibrational frequency (cm-1) Oxygen (O2) 1580 Nitrogen (N2) 2358 Ozone (O3) 1103 (sym-stretch), 1042 (asym-stretch), 701 (bend) NO2 1318 (sym-stretch), 1618 (asym-stretch), 750 (bend)  2. (12 points) The infrared spectrum of N2O displays bands at 2202, 1270, and 585 cm-1 (respectively). Identify the structure of the molecule and provide a justification for you answer. 3. (6 points) Compare the C-H and C-D stretching frequencies in chloroform (CHCl3) and deuterochloroform (CDCl3) and briefly explain the differences. 4. (6 points) Assuming gasoline to be pure iso-octane (C8H18), estimate the CO2 produced in kg per day from the 10-million cars driving around greater Los Angeles on the Freeways, each day, assuming each burns an average of 2 gallons per day. For full credit, you need to show the basis for your estimate. 5. (12 points) For each of the following pairs, predict which substance would be more soluble in water. Provide a brief (less than 10 words) explanation for each. NH3 or PH3 CH3CN or CH3CH3 CH3C=O or CH3C=O | | OH OCH3 6. (12 points) Using the accompanying phase diagram for carbon, to identify each of the following: The number of triple points in the phase diagram. The phases coexisting at the triple point(s). What can happen to graphite subjected to pressures in excess of 50,000 atmospheres at room temperature. The phase of greater density - graphite or diamond.  7. (12 points) A solution is prepared by mixing 1.00 mol methanol (CH3OH) and 4.00 mol n-propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) at 40 C. At 40 C the vapor pressures of pure methanol and pure n-propanol are 303 torr and 44.6 torr, respectively. Assuming the solution is ideal, answer each of the following questions: What is the vapor pressure of the solution? What is the mole fraction of each of the components in the vapor above the solution? Suppose you were to condense the vapor above the original solution into a new container. What would be the mole fraction of each of the components of the vapor above this second solution? 8. (6 points) Salt and sugar are excellent food preservatives. Why? 9. (12 points) AMAZING! Water flows from the roots of a redwood tree, nourishing leaves as high as 200 feet above the ground. Assuming an ambient temperature of 290K, noting that NOTE: R = 0.08205 L atm mol-1deg-1 dgh = force per unit area under a column of fluid where d=denisty in ())*+ & F & F ! !h & F %'+;s()=>?@ЪҪު0JmH j0JU0JH*5H*%8G`rs 2HIx                    08G`rs 2HIx & F h & F ! & Fdh !hh / =!"#$%|,,  c yg(,,(d'`F  ʐ,7V`cJFIFPhotoshop 3.08BIM Print InfoxHH(FG(HH(d'`8BIM Resolution8BIM FX Global Lighting Anglex8BIMFX Global Altitude8BIM Print Flags 8BIM Copyright Flag8BIM'Japanese Print Flags 8BIMMonochrome Halftone Settings5-8BIMMonochrome Transfer Settings8BIMGuides@@8BIM URL overrides8BIMSlicessM spectrum2M8BIMICC Untagged Flag8BIMLayer ID Generator Base8BIM New Windows Thumbnail p8PI JFIFHHAdobed            8p"?   3!1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdE£t6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw5!1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgwT͊Mê玝zvmCۗEߧqܜlXﱱvEE7TU7dccksZ9=.1~iNN9;+mwW gO[{>t\6f==B3KrݙKV?WRʬw׋i]^K,齎:..U=;c-ý OqqXԺڿ[8yqq,̌7mЕ6e?\-gO#{o3j\9n}eNs[o507V.11.f-mVY~%l]^/sqߎ>J:OP̓f]OWû(:Zm^Ҳl:>{qzVpp[jVv#u^nQAV' Vj0&D~m?ru,쏬4`cXe-ɻ#}k(ڝnVP}&ޤqE}V>.R9Ϸ2 곲?!n&cRU+v5?vM_"gXY,ph9\.S`YOOͻ(b0e編tܘgog~Ծݒޝr5gtjOskG~VziNzOoeXx5Uw٬c)sۋU)tޏpgu rk 2_1)aSC/[Y߂dX1vg\vݓvʽ=_فpm!bSK8.櫩$I$I$I$I$I$rrRI$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$IW8W崿%Z i-p{UwGnx2[gmU~IAh/v;w 5:gOۍmh79YIEX! Nrg]w;c#I$I$I$\8Ze&I$I$I$I$I$I$'Fx~̯>sI$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$I$K #tIݚ==]]`zQ{2]cŻivYC]N߫ZCvspoº~hWU].l܂0kwGə oVTO휟O?팟H0;dt<lldR^?팟M.~) GJO`܎#z@>"?E}'@ݴϯ`ۑI JF#ԛ##Q-'#Htą_uo'}ۮOM&'dz{ {xc<\ޗړNܮOojNycz޴¯?p# zԛWwdbcn?Go''cF:eaƯ:eaqbcIؗ1V,fj^ƃ9XیUz?5ܓi7eի )˫8Dj?1JtjyOȓ.rF\1cQm?w-|?9bȌGձ?3tlOL*VvcS_qjݽVWVjb*ݿ[{R=dm]Wʻw65 dGڟ{D=㖤jFNGj>7֑d;nQӿ^Zy93GNP59\ZoKgnm?v99[6(֜4#ND&~R5dn Wߠ֜35/tQu_:ܜg_t-FFN\hGb__nF\LܑeƙG#7oGJRk?\ψWIb*=g]'z'տm?JMgȏuF|Жmt.gɏ纄Iޅ"mF{]"?m"}#K) NvWH7}|"0d=1chem Leonard Fine FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,0 hp  'chemumb 1 Titlep(RZ _PID_GUID _PID_HLINKS'AN{E4AC0902-247D-11D6-A8F9-000502F7D29D}A   Carbon phase diagramxROspectrum2.jpgx Oh+'0l   ( 4 @LT\d'1sschemofhemNormalf Leonard FineWo4onMicrosoft Word 8.0d@G@JϾ@.Ͼ@JϾc 4 |,,  c yg(,,(d'`s ,jbjb |kk]666666 8,@<6 zz---,L'}6- "---'66{-66J,v,6666-_\66| I6  > Chemistry C1404 EXAM 1 Environmental Section February 26, 2002 INSTRUCTIONS: Clearly write your name/SS# on the front cover of your bluebook. Start each problem on a new page and do not skip pages. Apportion your time carefully. You have 75 minutes. 1. (12 points) Using the accompanying plots of the solar and terrestrial spectra, determine whether each of the indicated molecules contribute to the greenhouse effect. If any molecule has more than one vibration, identify which contribute(s) to the greenhouse effect. In every case, briefly explain your answer. Name (formula) Vibrational frequency (cm-1) Oxygen (O2) 1580 Nitrogen (N2) 2358 Ozone (O3) 1103 (sym-stretch), 1042 (asym-stretch), 701 (bend) NO2 1318 (sym-stretch), 1618 (asym-stretch), 750 (bend)  2. (12 points) The infrared spectrum of N2O displays bands at 2202, 1270, and 585 cm-1 (respectively). Identify the structure of the molecule and provide a justification for you answer. 3. (6 points) Compare the C-H and C-D stretching frequencies in chloroform (CHCl3) and deuterochloroform (CDCl3) and briefly explain the differences. 4. (6 points) Assuming gasoline to be pure iso-octane (C8H18), estimate the CO2 produced in kg per day from the 10-million cars driving around greater Los Angeles on the Freeways, each day, assuming each burns an average of 2 gallons per day. For full credit, you need to show the basis for your estimate. 5. (12 points) For each of the following pairs, predict which substance would be more soluble in water. Provide a brief (less than 10 words) explanation for each. NH3 or PH3 CH3CN or CH3CH3 CH3C=O or CH3C=O | | OH OCH3 6. (12 points) Using the accompanying phase diagram for carbon, to identify each of the following: The number of triple points in the phase diagram. The phases coexisting at the triple point(s). What can happen to graphite subjected to pressures in excess of 50,000 atmospheres at room temperature. The phase of greater density - graphite or diamond.  7. (12 points) A solution is prepared by mixing 1.00 mol methanol (CH3OH) and 4.00 mol n-propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) at 40 C. At 40 C the vapor pressures of pure methanol and pure n-propanol are 303 torr and 44.6 torr, respectively. Assuming the solution is ideal, answer each of the following questions: What is the vapor pressure of the solution? What is the mole fraction of each of the components in the vapor above the solution? Suppose you were to condense the vapor above the original solution into a new container. What would be the mole fraction of each of the components of the vapor above this second solution? 8. (6 points) Salt and sugar are excellent food preservatives. Why? 9. (12 points) AMAZING! Water flows from the roots of a redwood tree, nourishing leaves as high as 200 feet above the ground. 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